This illustration captures the idea of having an artificially generated magnetic field such as that envisioned to shield Mars from solar wind but instead to shield and capture the momentum from a nuclear blast from a fusion pallet with propellant encased.
This type of hypothetical ship that is rounded will also allow redundant centrifuge to sustain 1g for the crew during stationary periods. Or if it turns out that linear acceleration is too unstable to be used as artificial gravity.
Earth also absorbs momentum from the solar wind but it is massive in comparison to the solar particles that hit it’s magnetic field, in the above illustration the mass of the space craft relative to the “solar wind” from the nuke propellant are at more equal levels for the space craft magnetic field to absorb the nuclear momentum and transfer it to the ship.